1. Proportion
Proportion is the relationship in size between various parts and the whole. Fashion designing is a creative expression. Exact mathematical proportions are not required as long as what you design is visually pleasing and in accordance with the size, shape and height of the bearer.
2. Balance
Balance is the arrangement of a design on a space resulting to sense of equilibrium. It is the equal distribution of weight from a central point or area. There are three kinds of visual balance.
They are the formal or symmetrical balance, informal or asymmetrical balance and radial balance.
- Formal or symmetrical balance is the equal visual weight of each side of an imaginary central vertical line. It is achieved when each half of an object is exactly like the other. A jacket with two breast pockets and two hip pockets is formally balanced.
- Informal or asymmetrical balance is when the design is balanced, but each side is different in some way. It is achieved when the two halves of a whole are different, but seem to be equal in weight or emphasis. For example, a jacket with a breast pocket on one side can be balanced by a pocket on the hip of the opposite side.
- Radial balance is achieved when all parts of the design are at equal distance from a central point. A man wearing a sun design on the front of his shirt may have this kind of design.
3. Emphasis
Emphasis is achieved by the designer’s ability to create a center of interest by which the viewer’s eyes are directed to a specific area of a garment or body part.
4. Rhythm
Rhythm is the repetition of an accent to create an interesting design. Repeating an accent on different parts of the dress or one part of the dress will achieve a design that is harmonious and visually united.
5. Harmony
Harmony is the pleasing and congruent arrangement of parts. It is the blending of all components of design. When the structural lines, decorative lines, colors and accessories all relate to each other comfortably, harmony results.